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Life after the genocide
Peace negotiations bringing the war to a close were held in Dayton, Ohio, and an agreement was signed in December 1995. Bosnia was divided into a Croat-Muslim Federation (acknowledged reluctantly by Croat nationalists) and Republika Srpska.
The Srebrenica massacre was the first legally established case of genocide in Europe and there is currently an ongoing case at the International Court of Justice, which is the United Nation’s highest judicial body.
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was established by the United Nations in response to mass atrocities and war crimes against various ethnic groups taking place in Croatia, Bosnia, Kosovo, Serbia and Macedonia. Its indictments address crimes committed from 1991 to 2001.
In 2002 Slobodan Milosevic was charged by the ICTY with committing Crimes against humanity and genocide. He died of a heart attack in custody before a verdict could be reached.
In July 2008 Radovan Karadzic was arrested and awaits trial by the ICTY for command responsibility and the order of the Srebrenica Massacre. As of July 2010, he remains in custody by the ICTY and is charged with the murder of at least 7,000 male Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica. He also faces another genocide charge for the killings, rapes, torture and other acts committed by Bosnian Serb forces against Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats between March and December 1992 in a number of municipalities. According to the prosecution, the goal was to remove Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats permanently from those areas.
In September 2009 Bosnian Serb wartime leader, Momcilo Krajisnik began a 20 year sentence in the UK for deportation, forcible transfer and persecution during the genocide in Bosnia.
Other perpetrators including Bosnian Serb Army Chief Radko Mladic remain in hiding, according to the ICTY he remains ‘within reach’ of Serbian authorities.
