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On 13 June 1938 German police began a week of operations against Roma and Sinti people in Germany.

The Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD) ceremony at London's Guildhall was watched by nearly 2 million people in the UK according to preliminary figures. The national ceremony was broadcast on BBC One on Monday 27 January at 7pm and later available on iPlayer.

The Prince and Princess of Wales and the Prime Minister, along with members of the Cabinet, faith and civic leaders, and celebrities have joined survivors from the Holocaust and subsequent genocides to mark Holocaust Memorial Day and the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau.

This article was written for HMDT by Sarah Matthias, the author of 'A Berlin Love Song'.

During this year’s Gypsy Roma Traveller History Month, historian Rainer Schulze reminds us of the systematic persecution the Roma and Sinti suffered during the period of Nazi rule in Germany and in Nazi-occupied Europe.